To support a study examining the longitudinal effects of marching band participation on university students from different racial/ethnic backgrounds. The study will assess student outcomes across three types of institutions: a Historically Black College and University (HBCU); a university with a racially/ethnically diverse student body; and a university with predominantly white students. Three times throughout the school year, participating students will complete measures on self-efficacy, stress, belongingness, and attitudes about diversity. Researchers also will use social network analyses to examine development of cross-race friendships arising from marching arts participation (marching band, drum line, and color guard).